Application: Community Policing
Since the early 1970s, police organizations have made greater efforts to actively engage the communities they serve in crime prevention and response. They have done this through a model of community policing called Community-Oriented Policing (COP). The Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) program is representative of the COP model in that it requires law enforcement professionals visit communities, meet with youth, and discourage them from using illegal drugs. While DARE provides forums for officers to meet youth in a nonthreatening environment, it has also been criticized as ineffective in communities that are urban and poor and lack public assistance. A related model of community policing called Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) suggests that an in-depth analysis of crime problems should inform police efforts in communities. In 1981, the city of Madison, Wisconsin, partnered with researchers Herman Goldstein and Charles E. Susmilch to test how POP could improve police service. Since then, other police departments have been continuously reexamining police service to keep up with changing community needs. Both the COP and POP models fall under the umbrella of the Community-Oriented Policing and Problem-Solving (COPPS) philosophy, which is explained in this week’s Learning Resources.
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